Conditions · Elbow, wrist & hand pain

Elbow, Wrist & Hand Pain Treatment in Midtown NYC

For tennis elbow, carpal tunnel, wrist pain, or numbness in your hand — at work, at home, or with your instrument.

Hiro Nakano, DC, DACBSP · USA Fencing medical staff · 2021 Tokyo Olympic Games, Team USA volunteer medical staff

How I treat it

Find what’s wrong — and why

A diagnosis from your history and an exam of your hand, wrist, elbow, shoulder, and neck — hand numbness doesn’t always start at the wrist. Then why it happened — how you work, type, lift, carry, train, or play.

How I work →

Hands-on care, checked on the spot

Hands-on care is the core of my work, learned in our family’s clinic in Japan, opened in 1926, and the same approach I use with USA Fencing’s national team. I choose the method and pressure from that day’s exam, then recheck your grip and the movement that hurt right after treatment.

My background →

Home exercise that fits your life

You don’t need to come in three times a week. Much of the work — building grip, forearm, and shoulder strength — can be done at home in a few minutes a day.[1] I teach it here, we record it on your phone, and I check and adjust it at each visit.

Your first visit →

The elbow, wrist, and hand pain I see

Most of what I see is tennis elbow and golfer’s elbow, carpal tunnel syndrome, thumb-side wrist pain (De Quervain’s), and numbness or tingling in the hand. Many are people who use their hands all day — at a keyboard, with a baby, in the gym, or with an instrument.

With hand and arm symptoms, where it hurts isn’t always where the problem is. Carpal tunnel syndrome is a good example. The symptoms show up at the wrist and hand, but sometimes they come from the median nerve being squeezed higher up the arm, or from a nerve root in the neck. So I always examine the whole path and find the real cause before starting treatment. With tennis and golfer’s elbow, good hands-on care is sometimes the missing link — how much it helps depends on the timing, your symptoms, your age, and more.

Here is how care usually unfolds.

1. Today’s pain: find what’s wrong — and ease it

An accurate diagnosis comes first. Which fingers go numb, when it happens — at night, in the morning, at the keyboard — what eases it, and whether your grip or thumb strength has changed: together with an exam of the nerves, tendons, and joints, these point to where the problem is. I don’t call it carpal tunnel just because the hand is numb, or a neck problem just because the arm hurts too.

What the research shows: in one hospital study, 866 people were referred for nerve testing with suspected carpal tunnel syndrome or a pinched nerve in the neck. The tests found carpal tunnel alone in 20%, a neck nerve-root problem alone in 47%, and both in 26%.[2] In another study of people diagnosed with carpal tunnel by their doctor, nerve tests matched carpal tunnel in 57%, and 39% had normal results.[3] How often a neck problem actually sets off a problem at the wrist is still debated[4] — which is why I check both.

When it’s needed, I order imaging directly. If you need a nerve test or a hand surgeon’s opinion, I’ll refer you.

Then hands-on care to ease pain and restore motion — on the wrist and forearm, and on the elbow, shoulder, and neck when they’re part of the problem — and we recheck your grip and the movement that hurt right after treatment.

What the research shows: in a trial of 120 women with carpal tunnel syndrome, a program of hands-on treatment and home exercise did as well as surgery for pain and function at one year and again at four years.[1]

That doesn’t mean surgery is never needed. In my experience, some patients have done very well after surgery, and sometimes it’s the right option. When that’s the case, I’ll tell you why and refer you.

2. Why it happened: the part most people skip

“You use your hands too much.” “It’s your mouse.” “It’s your age.” In a way, these are all true. But you can’t stop typing — or painting, if you’re an artist. So we need a realistic way to change how you use your body, and it starts with the mechanism of injury. Once we know the diagnosis, we can predict the movement pattern or weak point that led to it, and adjust how you move at work and in daily life.

So I look at how you actually use them: your desk setup, how you lift and carry your child, your grip in the gym, how long you practice. I also look above the hand — how your shoulder and upper back support the arm, and whether your neck is involved.

Find what is wrong, then why it happened. That’s where my treatment starts.

3. When the pain improves, we check what you can do

Feeling better is meaningful progress. The next question is whether your arm and hand are ready for what you want to do.

At follow-up visits, I reassess both your symptoms and how you use your hands — gripping, lifting, typing, playing. These observations help me decide what to work on next.

Load the tendon, don’t just rest it

Tendon pain at the elbow often settles with rest, then comes back with the first heavy grocery bag or long day at the keyboard. So we cut back the load that aggravates it and build up the load that strengthens it — grip, forearm, and shoulder work, step by step.

What the research shows: in a trial for tennis elbow, hands-on care with exercise helped more than waiting in the first six weeks, and more than a steroid injection after six weeks. By one year, most people in both the treatment and wait-and-see groups had improved.[5]

Tennis elbow often gets better with time. The work is about getting there sooner, with fewer setbacks, and keeping it from coming back.

A plan that fits your life

New Yorkers are busy, and fitting three clinic visits a week into your schedule is hard. So I give you a realistic amount of rehab, sized to your life, your schedule, and what your arm can handle right now. Some people do a few forearm exercises with a water bottle at their desk, or squeeze a ball between meetings. That still works, as long as you do it.

Taught in the clinic, done at home

I teach each exercise here, we practice it together, and we record it on your phone. Then you do it at home, on your own time. How your arm responds the next day guides the next step.

That’s why I use visits for hands-on care and checking your progress, and let the daily work happen at home.

For musicians and people who work with their hands

Playing an instrument is physical work — holding a position for hours with fine control. Building strength and endurance outside of practice can help you keep playing. In 2018 and 2019, I volunteered with the Tohoku Youth Orchestra in Japan, under music director Ryuichi Sakamoto, teaching the young musicians exercises and body care.

What the research shows: professional string players who did individualized strength training twice a week for 11 weeks gained neck and arm strength and back endurance.[6] In a 2024 trial with orchestra musicians, an education and exercise program reduced playing-related pain more than no program.[7]

The goal isn’t just “no pain.” It’s working, lifting your kids, training, and playing — without thinking about your hands.

4. Staying active: turning rehab into a habit

I also treat rehab as the start of your future exercise routine. Everyone needs regular exercise, and everyone has to make time for it. A sore elbow or wrist gives you a reason to start — a good opportunity to begin investing in your long-term health.

That’s why I start small. A few minutes a day that fits into your routine is easier to keep than an hour you can’t find. Once it sticks, we build on it.

What the research shows: habits form when you repeat a simple action in the same daily context — like your morning coffee or the stairs in your building. Simpler actions become automatic faster, and missing a day now and then doesn’t undo the progress. On average, it took about two months.[8]

For many people, an arm or hand problem becomes the reason they finally start strength training — and stick with it. Many come in every two to four weeks to treat what needs attention and update the plan. Some finish when they feel good; others have kept it up for years.

What the research shows: people who do muscle-strengthening activities have about a 10–17% lower risk of death from any cause.[9]

Why not just a steroid shot — or surgery?

Injections and surgery both have a place. The question is which one, for which problem, and when.

What the research shows: for tennis elbow, a steroid injection worked best at six weeks, but most of those early successes relapsed, and it did worse than physical therapy in the long term.[5] In another trial, people given a steroid injection were less likely to have recovered at one year than those given a placebo injection, and their pain came back far more often (54% vs 12%).[10] A large review found the same pattern across tendons: short-term relief that reversed later.[11] Carpal tunnel and De Quervain’s are different. For carpal tunnel syndrome, a steroid injection improved symptoms in the short term, at about one month.[12] For De Quervain’s, an injection followed by three to four weeks in a thumb splint is considered a first-line option.[13]

So for tennis elbow, the research gives good reason to try other options first. For carpal tunnel or De Quervain’s that isn’t settling, an injection can be the right call. When it is, I’ll refer you to a specialist — and help you use that window of relief to get stronger.

Not sure if this fits your situation?

Send me a text and tell me what’s going on. Most questions are easier to answer once we talk.

Common questions

Is my hand numbness carpal tunnel?

Maybe. Numbness in the thumb, index, and middle fingers that’s worse at night is typical. But the nerve can also be irritated at the neck or in the forearm, sometimes in more than one place. I check the whole path from your neck to your hand.

Should I get a cortisone shot for tennis elbow?

It usually helps for a few weeks, but in trials people did worse at one year and the pain came back more often.[10][5] For most people, other options are worth trying first.

Will I need surgery for carpal tunnel?

Not always. In one trial, hands-on treatment with home exercise did as well as surgery at four years.[1] But numbness that doesn’t go away, or shrinking of the thumb muscle, needs a hand surgeon’s opinion soon.

Do I have to stop working or playing?

Usually not completely. We adjust how much and how you use your hands, so you can keep working or playing while it heals.

Do I need to come in several times a week?

No. Most of the work happens at home. Many people come weekly at first, then every two weeks, then less often as things improve.

When should I see a doctor right away?

See a doctor promptly or go to the ER if your hand suddenly becomes weak or numb, your hand or fingers turn cold or pale, you can’t move a finger after an injury, or there’s redness, heat, and swelling with a fever. Call 911 if numbness or weakness comes with a drooping face or trouble speaking.

Ready to get back to what matters?

You don’t need to be fit or confident to start. Tell me what’s bothering you and what you want to be able to do again.

References

  1. Fernández-de-las-Peñas C, Arias-Buría JL, Cleland JA, et al. Manual therapy versus surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome: 4-year follow-up from a randomized controlled trial. Phys Ther. 2020;100(11):1987-1996. PubMed
  2. Lo SF, Chou LW, Meng NH, et al. Clinical characteristics and electrodiagnostic features in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome, double crush syndrome, and cervical radiculopathy. Rheumatol Int. 2012;32(5):1257-1263. PubMed
  3. Taylor-Gjevre RM, Gjevre JA, Nair B. Suspected carpal tunnel syndrome: do nerve conduction study results and symptoms match? Can Fam Physician. 2010;56(7):e250-e254. PubMed
  4. Morgan G, Wilbourn AJ. Cervical radiculopathy and coexisting distal entrapment neuropathies: double-crush syndromes? Neurology. 1998;50(1):78-83. PubMed
  5. Bisset L, Beller E, Jull G, et al. Mobilisation with movement and exercise, corticosteroid injection, or wait and see for tennis elbow: randomised trial. BMJ. 2006;333(7575):939. PubMed
  6. Lundborg B, Grooten WJ. Resistance training for professional string musicians: a prospective intervention study. Med Probl Perform Art. 2018;33(2):102-110. PubMed
  7. Roos M, Lamontagne ME, Desmeules F, et al. Workplace injury prevention and wellness program for orchestra musicians: a randomized controlled trial. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2024;54(9):584-593. PubMed
  8. Gardner B, Lally P, Wardle J. Making health habitual: the psychology of ‘habit-formation’ and general practice. Br J Gen Pract. 2012;62(605):664-666. PubMed
  9. Momma H, Kawakami R, Honda T, Sawada SS. Muscle-strengthening activities are associated with lower risk and mortality in major non-communicable diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Br J Sports Med. 2022;56(13):755-763. PubMed
  10. Coombes BK, Bisset L, Brooks P, et al. Effect of corticosteroid injection, physiotherapy, or both on clinical outcomes in patients with unilateral lateral epicondylalgia: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2013;309(5):461-469. PubMed
  11. Coombes BK, Bisset L, Vicenzino B. Efficacy and safety of corticosteroid injections and other injections for management of tendinopathy: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Lancet. 2010;376(9754):1751-1767. PubMed
  12. Marshall S, Tardif G, Ashworth N. Local corticosteroid injection for carpal tunnel syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;(2):CD001554. PubMed
  13. Challoumas D, Ramasubbu R, Rooney E, et al. Management of de Quervain tenosynovitis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(10):e2337001. PubMed